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2015年暑期，太湖家园户外组团前往泰国曼谷.芭提雅，普吉岛8日游。最具时尚理念的旅游：城市.庙宇.海岛.沙滩.美食。让你尽情享受泰国风情......繁华的城市，神圣的庙宇，洁白的沙滩.深蓝的海水，尽享异国风情！曼谷：逛逛大皇宫，拜拜四面佛，再去水上集市看一圈，佛都圣地让你感受到的不只是心灵净化的圣洁。芭提雅：变性人，大象，海滩，似乎泰国最典型的剧目都在这里集中上演了。普吉岛：冲浪，浮潜，晒日光，看椰林婆娑，品美食，疯狂扫货，尽情享受生活。 6月29日，我们从合肥出发了，前往深圳转机。 在深圳机场等待转机。 深圳出发，前往泰国曼谷。 于当晚抵达泰国曼谷。 同行泰国游的安徽蚌埠母女两。 水果大餐。 尽情享受泰国各种水果。 水果园外留影。 太湖家园户外驴友大合影。 美女被精湛的魔术表演惊吓。 在大舞台等待演出。 曼谷的玉佛寺。 汇集了泰国的建筑，绘画，雕刻和装潢艺术的精粹。 毒蛇研究中心——观赏空手捉蛇。 摄影师，老聂在普吉岛沙滩留影。 深蓝的海水。 帅哥美女水中嬉戏。 等待快艇的到来。 抵达码头。 享受体验泰国的乳胶——国立生态乳胶体检中心。 听说乳胶就是生长在这样险峻的石崖上。 山水相依。 坐皮划艇欣赏美景。 水上欣赏费用为20泰铢。 飞机上拍摄泰国城市。 曼谷街道所拍。 宏伟的泰国曼谷建筑。 我们在此留影。 老聂在泰国皇宫前留影。(
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钱芝湖Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang"; means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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江维伦印度60天，有太多的故事要讲，如果期待大片，那真的很抱歉，在印度一只小相机一路走，一路拍，那时候只想记录真实的印度。现在我还是会说，我还想回去再走一遍，因为那里的风景也吸引我，但是初次和印度亲密接触，让我能记录的只有那些生活小事，大片留着给柏拉徒步先生去拍。初识——现实太骨感在新加坡机场候机，“前往海德拉巴的乘客，请现在登机。”我听到广播后，起身去排队，按座位号每十排的顺序进入，我看了一眼座位号，不出意外，应该是最后一批。看着眼前都是皮肤黝黑的印度人，发现其实只有我一个外国人，其他都是印度人。 我突然领悟到，原来这股奇怪的异味是我周遭印度人的腋味。这种味道，不只有传统的咖喱味，也加上一点羊臊味，以及人类的汗味，还夹杂一点香水味。没闻过这股味道的人，刚开始问道时，会感觉刺鼻，然后肚子里的胃也闻到，然后就开始反胃，胃感觉排山倒海般折腾。非常不舒服。虽然会想避开，但是过了一陈子也就慢慢习惯，而最后就闻不到臭味了。 也许是紧张，面对面前的咖喱饭一点食欲都没有。三个半小时的飞行时间，我不断在设想,即将迎接我的是怎样一个城市，即使之前查阅了一点资料，但是当一个人真的快要到达那座陌生城市的时候，必然还是会想很多。飞机快降落的时候我拉起窗户板，看着地面上星星点点的灯火，心里的紧张一下子放松了很多，因为在快半夜的时候这城市还挺亮堂，挺大。不断安慰自己，不会很糟糕。 本以为一切会像过海关时候一样顺利，事实有点出入，我找不到第二件行李了。那时候的慌张从未有过。询问机场的工作人员，他们让我去那里认领三个没有人领的行李，我看了，不是自己的，那时候特别无助，机场人员询问我是不是从新加坡飞过来的，我猛点头，他让我去另外一处，说部分行李是在另外一条行李运输通道上，我紧盯着行李口，又找一遍还是没有，那时候几乎快绝望了，我的资料证件复印件和生活所有用品都在那个行李里面，虽然不是最重要的，丢失会很麻烦。我在国际行李咨询处，不断和工作人员描述和沟通，他们讲的印度的英语，让我又无比纠结，在焦急的等待了四十多分钟后，最后看到工作人员把我的行李拿过来，那时候真的快哭了，居然找回来了。记得很多人和我说过，在印度托运行李没了实属正常，要是还能找回来那属不正常。一切都办妥后，我在机场联系我在印度的Team Leader，哪里都不敢去，坐在机场里，每一个印度人，基本都会看我两眼，在机场里女人出现的非常少，基本全部都是男人。我连看都不敢看他们，简直就像一个被遗弃的小孩等待父母来领回家，Karan回复我让我去机场巴士站坐车到Keyes High School。先去换了钱，我又不敢和别人讲话，别人问我，我也装作不懂，不搭理，我只敢问那里的工作人员，一遍遍确认我要去的地方哪一站下车，被告知是最后一站，不得不说他们的工作人员态度非常好，我至少问了不下三次，依然非常有耐心。我坐上巴士后，才发现，怎么就我一个女的呀，调侃自己勇气可嘉，那时候真的有点无法想象。一路开着，都没有什么红绿灯，也没有什么路灯，一路都是破房子，高楼想都别想，大厦更是没影，一路都是男人，没有半个女人的影子，看着马路上会有人就睡在路边，真心怕了。我心里一百个一千个后悔，后悔自己不听父母的劝告执意要来印度，后悔应该在机场等到天亮再坐车找Karan。只能假装镇定，告诉自己没事的，我要相信我的Team Leader。到了最后一站下车，一群男人拥上来，我被吓的抓着行李的手不停颤抖，但是不断告诉自己，对他们说NO，我自己搬着行李，被一堆男人注视，半夜三更，我假装很自然，拉起行李往前走，一切都是这样自然，内心确实是波涛汹涌，走了几步发现学校门口居然有人就睡在那里，我停下了，我打电话给我的Team Leader告诉他我在门口了，他说他也到了，整个通话过程我感觉到自己说话的声音都在颤抖，注视着那堆男人有没有向我走来，随时准备丢了行李跑。一个男孩向我走来，我咬着嘴唇，努力分辨是不是我在印度的Team Leader，我迎上去，他让我等在那里，他又走回去了，好一会儿才把车开到我面前，装上行李，带我去住的地方，一路让我心灰意冷，太穷太穷了。但是，既然来了，那也没有办法了。 第一晚，我睡在一个完全不认识的男生的床上，他仅仅在facebook和我沟通过关于艾滋病方面的事情。凌晨两点，倒在床上，看着天花板调侃两句，说道，在印度的第一晚就睡在男人的床上啊。又想想有的睡就不错了。没有空调，只有电扇，枕头根本无法睡，没有勇气把我的脑袋放到一个都黑了的枕套上，不脱衣服，不洗漱，睡下，关灯不久，就听到声音，我一直以为是老鼠，怕的不行，但是还是逼迫自己睡，事实就是我一整晚没有睡觉，心脏还不够强大。第二天才知道那是他养的鸽子的声音。早上起来被告知停水了，没有洗漱，没有洗澡，我从来没有想象过我可以这样洒脱，但是事实在印度我足够洒脱，不刷牙，不洗脸，还是能香香的吃早饭，吃了他妈妈做的早餐，我们开始讨论我们的project,我一下子感觉到，任务很是艰巨。更加艰巨的一件事情出现了，我没有地方住，最后只能继续住在Karan家，这是计划之外的事。Karan家停水，导致三天没洗澡，没洗脸，没刷牙，我那时候认为这个已经是我的极限了，后来事实证明这是没有极限的，不过这些都是后话了。 第二篇：生活在海德拉巴 第三篇：德干高原上的明珠 第四篇：火车也疯狂（118楼——127楼） 第五篇：40度，行走在新德里（218楼——253楼） 第六篇：生如夏花之绚烂 死如秋叶之静美（阿格拉）（546楼——575楼） 第七篇：粉色之城——斋普尔（657楼——） 第八篇：邂逅浪漫——乌代浦尔 第九篇：蓝色之恋——焦特布尔 第十篇：延续千年的噩梦——种族制度 第十一篇：上帝给印度人开的玩笑 第十一篇：在外挂中前行（果阿） 第十二篇：惊喜OR噩梦最后：我想带你去印度 关于那些骗子，小偷和性骚扰，小妞也一一经历了一回。不过我得到的帮助多的都写不下来。 得了艾滋病和其他疾病被家里遗弃的小朋友，其实他们都很可爱，我可喜欢他们了。即使他们得到了政府的帮助，可是安置在非常偏僻的地方，几乎没有什么人去接触他们，他们看到我们的时候，那种惊讶，害怕，到最后的开心，舍不得，都让我觉得小小残忍。 海德拉巴老城中心 在四宣礼塔旁边 海德拉巴老城中心 路边卖手镯的 很多很便宜的 第三天 去了印度小吃店 全印度人 吃得东西 大部分人会觉得脏 但是味道不错 不会拉肚子的啦 戈尔孔达城堡也是印度著名的堡垒之一，位于Hadalarba城西10公里，这个古城范围很大，是穆斯林聚居区。Golconda Fort其名称来源于泰卢固语“戈尔孔达”，意思是牧羊人的山坡。戈尔孔达城堡的来源可以追溯到得奥格里的雅达瓦朝代和瓦饵加朗的卡咯提雅斯王朝。戈尔孔达最初是一个泥浆筑的堡垒，经由巴赫马尼王朝管辖然后到奎特沙希，奎特沙希在公元1518年－1687年期间统治戈尔孔达。前三位奎特沙希国王重建了戈尔孔达城堡，历时62年。戈尔孔达城堡以其声学、宫殿、工厂、独特的供水系统和著名的菲特拉哈本手枪而闻名。 戈尔孔达城堡也是印度著名的堡垒之一，位于Hadalarba城西10公里，这个古城范围很大，是穆斯林聚居区。Golconda Fort其名称来源于泰卢固语“戈尔孔达”，意思是牧羊人的山坡。戈尔孔达城堡的来源可以追溯到得奥格里的雅达瓦朝代和瓦饵加朗的卡咯提雅斯王朝。戈尔孔达最初是一个泥浆筑的堡垒，经由巴赫马尼王朝管辖然后到奎特沙希，奎特沙希在公元1518年－1687年期间统治戈尔孔达。前三位奎特沙希国王重建了戈尔孔达城堡，历时62年。戈尔孔达城堡以其声学、宫殿、工厂、独特的供水系统和著名的菲特拉哈本手枪而闻名。 我住得印度人家里挂钥匙的 我们都把钥匙挂那 我做了一顿中国菜 嘻嘻 他们都说很好吃 这个是我觉得最亲切的地方了 因为大学旁边就是hard rock，在这里也看到。 这是印度书店里讲中国的DVD吧 看完所有中国小朋友都惊呆了，这个是什么年代的啊！无语死了。 交警指挥交通的 然后其实吧 你可以很随意 那里警察巨腐败 你撞人了 绝对可以给钱摆平 我住家小孩没成年开车撞死人了还是给钱搞定的。 结婚哦 新郎会带着一众人在路边跳舞 我住得地方附近 都是很生活的地方 反正很穷 不过貌似房价不便宜 在海德拉巴，最先去的是四宣礼塔——海得拉巴的志性建筑，而我们知道，国外的志性建筑，往往都是有故事的老古董，而非新时代的新高度。这个数百年前的故事在今天看来相当的有意思，因为她毫无疑问的证明了，现如今被认为极其保守闭塞的穆斯林，曾经却是这个星球上最为开放包容的文明，全印度最著名的两个爱情故事居然都是穆斯林的。一个是阿格拉的印度名片泰姬陵，另一个就是这座海得拉巴的城市志四宣礼塔。 十六世纪初，德干高原的统治者叫库塔沙，定都戈尔孔达城堡。这位人称苏丹五虎之一，武勇过人的国王却有一个诗人儿子穆罕穆德。诗人，当然大多数都有些浪漫情怀，喜欢风花雪月远胜过攻城略地。很不幸，这位穆斯林的王子爱上了一个印度教徒的女儿，无论身份地位、财富门第还是宗教信仰，双方都相去甚远。这种恋爱自然遭到双方父母的强烈反对。男方父母反对是因为对一个政治家来说，婚姻是一个可以用来增强实力的手段，而不应该浪费在爱情上。女方父母反对是因为对方在他们看来是入侵者、异教徒。于是，这位王子殿下就经常深更半夜独自偷溜出门，去很远去看她的心上人。据说当时横贯海得拉巴的穆西河上还连座桥都没有，所以王子还需要骑马涉水过河。但他真正要担的风险可比骑马溺水要大得多了。首先是他并非国王的独子，婚姻大事不听父母安排的话，很可能会被取消继承权。其次是他去的目的地都是印度教徒，都拿他当异教徒的敌人看待，万一被当地人看到，极大可能会发生冲突。然而，他去了，毅然决然，坚持不懈。最终，不止那位美丽的姑娘，连双方的父母也都被感动了。苏丹破例允许他的这个儿子娶异教徒的平民之女为妻，并且保留他的王位继承权以及他妻子继续保有印度教信仰的权利，而女方父母也不再将对方当入侵的敌人来看待，不再将女婿视为异教王子。一件出乎意料的事情是，由于王子痴情而执着的爱情，王国收到了意想不到的礼物。王子与民女的婚姻最终不但促成了两个家庭的和解，在很大程度上，甚至促进了穆斯林统治者与当地印度教徒的关系，内部和谐使这个王国后来一度成为南印度最大的王国。王子大婚没过多久就发生了两件事，一是他的父王去世，他登基为王；二是戈尔孔达城堡因过快增长的人口和依丘而建的位置，连年水荒，王国需要迁都。于是，新国王决定迁都到他妻子的故乡，并以他爱妻的名字Hyder将新都命名为Hyderabad，意为海得之城。新城需要新清真寺和宣礼塔，于是他按照伊斯兰初期四大哈里发的规制，建了这座四宣礼塔，而这座重要的宗教建筑所在的位置，就是他爱妻曾经的旧宅。 Birla Temple建在一座小山顶上，面对Hussain Sagar lake, 全部用白色大理石建造，在上面可以看到整个城市。这里不用买门票，进庙前要存鞋存随身物品。而且这里每天都有很多人来，我就没有非要进去看看的念头，在四周转了挺久。 戈尔孔达城堡，听说最外面的城墙有九道城门，但环绕中央城区“Bala Hisar”的两公里城墙则只有一座城门。此门造的异常坚固，即使受到等同于战车力量的大象攻击也不动如山。城门外的停车场聚集着小贩和导游，让人感觉回到了国内任何一个景区外的停车场一样熟悉，到处都是人。这城堡不只是建造在岩石上，就连岩石石块也都保持原状，物尽其用地当做城墙。这个王朝非常富有，因为当时世界第一的钻石产地就在海德拉巴附近的克里希纳河流域。城里还有钻石市场，时隔充满生机、活力十足的城市。特别值得一说的是，世界知名的巨大钻石多产自此地，例如目前收藏在卢浮宫博物馆——四百十克拉的“摄政王”，以及英国皇冠上耀眼夺目，原重三百六十克拉的“Koh-i-Noor”（意味“光之山脉”）其实，不只有英国窥私这里的财富。在英国之前，控制着北印度的莫卧儿帝国的奥朗哲布（建造泰姬陵沙贾汗之子），在一六五六年和一六八七年两次猛攻戈尔孔达城；精疲力竭的顾特卜·沙希王朝就这么灭亡了，而海德拉巴也被并为莫卧儿帝国的领土。这个离德里一千两百五十公里远的地方，已经是莫卧儿帝国疆域的最南端。后来，莫卧儿帝国统治时的海德拉巴首长——“最高地位者”阿萨夫·伽宣布独立，一七二四年成为藩王，建立了尼萨姆王朝（也称为“海德拉巴藩国”）。这位精明的政治家为了继续扩大势力，最初与法国结合、到了十九世纪则转向英国，透过外国的支援来维持藩国的繁荣、（钻石就是在那个时代被英国人拿走的）([]
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张初蕙风景人文篇：上海的阴冷雾霾的冬天似乎永远都不会结束了，虽然立春已过依旧春寒料峭，无数次的问春天什么时候来啊，却在一场又一场贵如油却不会一场暖过一场的春雨中期盼了一次又一次，失望了一轮又一轮。终于再也不能忍，7：30的早班机飞到了赤道边南半球的小岛，把那矜持缓慢的春天直接跳过，直奔盛夏而去。转机新加坡，折腾到巴厘岛，尚未落地已经暮色渐起，机翼上闪烁的灯光如初升的早星，此生最近距离的夕阳映红从未见过的异形云彩，好像列队的礼兵欢迎这不远万里追寻盛夏艳阳的心情。被炫目的阳光晃开了眼睛，在乌鲁瓦图喝个早茶，乌鲁瓦图又称“情人崖”、“乌鲁瓦图断崖”、“乌鲁瓦图天涯海角”、“望夫崖”，位于巴厘岛西南海岸，直面印度洋。每个绝美之地必然有段魂牵梦绕的故事，何况这个号称“情人崖”的浪漫盛境：传说很久以前一对青年男女相爱，却受到父母的阻挠，为了追求爱情的自由相约在此跳崖。从此，巴厘岛乃至全世界的青年男女都怀着对自由爱情的憧憬到此遐思，当今时代更需要那份单纯的勇气和真挚。相信那对炙热的恋人，融身在这地球最纯美的一滴眼泪里，化作海豚相伴相依或是鸥雁双宿双栖，也不负这神的美好恩赐。下午乘复古敞篷吉普前往海神庙（Tanah Lot）。一路热带风光，稻田椰树，伴着咸咸的海风轻轻摇曳在蓝天白云之下，烈日暴晒的焦躁早已抛掷脑后。整个印度尼西亚以信奉伊斯兰教为主，巴厘岛是唯一信奉印度教的地区。海神庙始建于16世纪坐落在海边一块独立的巨大岩石上，海浪凶猛地拍打着海岸，激起千层巨浪。岩石本身因风化形成天然石柱，将整个庙宇顶在巨石顶端。潮起潮落，岩石和庙宇时而被海水拥裹与陆地隔绝，如一座孤岛突兀于海洋；时而与陆地相连，身着白衣包裹头巾的朝拜信徒延礁石攀至庙宇，向庙里供奉的海神与千年蛇神献上敬拜。门口有一股喷涌了百年没有间断的泉水，即使与汪洋大海近在咫尺，依然保持甘甜而非咸涩，倒是像极了中国人尊崇的桀骜精神，任环境澎湃激荡，我自保持清者自清。偶尔有顶着重物的妇女，贩卖铅笔的儿童擦肩而过，这大海的民族自由怡然的精神就如海边飘荡的帆船风筝一般勇敢无畏。金巴兰的沙滩烧烤是当地一绝，一边品尝各式海鲜，一边看落日将如写意画法的大师泼墨将海天染成了一片绚绚丽剔透的红紫色。远处机场的跑道向海中延伸，飞机如流星划过天海交界，如旧日峥嵘码头有勇士扬帆起航亦有游子凯旋归航。夜幕中繁星渐起，沙滩上烛光点点，咸湿的风轻轻抚过脸庞，激昂的浪轻轻吟唱，叫人沉浸在这身心灵的饕餮，仿佛堕入了一个永不醒来的仲夏夜之梦 清晨早起，沿海滩边跨马徐行，羡慕当地人策马飞奔的矫健，自己的小马驹只缓缓的被人牵引时而小跑几步就紧张的我浑身是汗。然而闲散踱步，马蹄踏得浪花起倒也在怡然自得。再过几天，就是巴厘岛的传统节日“魔鬼节”。传说这一天魔鬼会从整个岛的上空飞过，因为魔鬼喜好亮光所以整个巴厘岛都熄灯静寂，所有商店、酒家全部关门打烊，甚至在这一天里机场都没有起降的航班，家家户户闭门不出，只有魔鬼节大游行的人们举着各式魔鬼敲锣打鼓穿街过巷。所以路边随处可见为大游行准备的雕像，据说每家的男孩子自懂事起就开始跟父辈学习这门手艺，成年之后自然就负责起本家制作魔鬼雕像的任务，看着这些形态各异栩栩如生的庞然大物，叫人不禁钦佩这淳朴民族的智慧。比硕大的魔鬼雕像更壮观的，是满城飘荡的彩旗，原来适逢巴厘岛大选前夕，各个党派的候选人都在街边巷角拉起了招牌，候选人明媚的笑容对每个过路人绽放，只需在门口竖一把大旗就表明了支持的党派。我们苦苦追求探索的民主之路，似乎用一种近乎原始的简单粗暴方式实现着～民主的最大志便是位于岛中心的小婆罗浮屠。小婆罗浮屠实质是一座为纪念巴厘岛脱离荷兰殖民统治的抗争纪念碑，也是整个巴厘岛最高的建筑，佛教群塔的外观虽然没有爪哇岛上真正的婆罗浮屠气势磅礴，却也算得上壮观雄伟，登至塔尖，俯瞰半个巴厘岛，近处绿树掩映妖娆红墙，远方海天共享壮丽一色，万种风情尽收眼底。路边随处可见闲散的放学儿童，据说巴厘岛的孩子们只上半天课，其余时间全部嬉笑玩闹好不快活，其实何止儿童，就连成人，都三三两两坐在路边专门设立的发呆亭中，只为发呆。在这个只有拜拜最重要的国家，除了早中晚三次的敬奉好像真的无事可干，就连法律都为之通融。因为岛上主要交通工具是摩托，岛民又喜欢骑得飞快所以不戴头盔是重罚，但若你穿了拜拜的衣服，裹了传统的头巾，就视作敬拜的穿戴而可以不带头盔。神说，你为何事而担忧呢，你看那树上的鸟儿，神且叫他有吃食，何况是神最爱的儿女呢。([
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林子瑶论坛看过北方空地--羌塘帖子后，一直对羌塘有着着魔一般的向往，一直筹划和准备着自己什么时候可以去看看羌塘，机会说来就来了。此次三大无人区穿越是自驾的活动虽然没有杨柳松徒步的艰辛，但是我感受到了羌塘的荒凉和他博大的胸怀，让我见到了各种凄美的景色和各种生活在这片乐园的野生动物（棕熊，狼，狐狸，藏野驴，藏羚羊。。。） ‘’羌塘‘’，藏语意为“北方空地”。羌塘位于西藏自治区的北部，昆仑山，可可西里山以南，冈底斯山和唐古拉山脉以北。由于海拔高度高，生态环境特殊人迹罕见，被人们称之为“无人区”。羌塘无人区平均海拔4700米，地形复杂，地貌奇特，方圆百里荒无人烟。走在高原，很难用言语来表达这里的景色，你只能用心灵感知他的庄严，静穆和深邃，领略大自然赋予他的瞬息万变和亿万年的寂静。 无人区就是海拔平均在4500米--5000多米的荒芜地区因长期高原缺氧不适合人群居住，此次无人区穿越每天夜宿在海拔4500以上，晚上的平均气温在-20°因为高原缺氧和天气寒冷我们所带的气罐基本都被冻上，点燃后只有一点蓝火烧点水都要半小时，水烧开也只是在70°，每天晚上扎营在高海拔地区也是有气喘嘘嘘的小高反状态，晚上进入到帐篷休息也是棉帽甚至连眼睛都要蒙住来保证温度。寒冷的夜晚也会有人值班以防动物来袭击，这次无人区遭遇了棕熊，狼群，狐狸，藏野驴，藏羚羊，野牦牛。。。当受到棕熊和野牦牛攻击我们的时候虽然是在车里，心里还是很害怕。行驶在无人区每天就是不停的陷车和拖车。 点击只看作者就可以直接看图 在拉萨等待队员集结的时候千万色拉寺看喇嘛辩经也是一种欣赏。 色拉寺辩经--出家人学习佛经后，为了加强对佛经的真正的理解，采用一问一答或一问几答的方式交流所学心得和所悟佛法，就如我们的学术讨论。它是喇嘛学习佛经的一个方式。色拉寺后山在色拉寺见到一位非常淳朴的藏族牧民来朝拜，经过沟通同意后才拍了一张照片2013年10月17日早上大部队从拉萨出发前往纳木错调整一晚高反，出发前我在布达拉宫等候车队前往纳木错途中，风吹草低见牛羊，上次来纳木错也看到如此壮丽的景色，没想到这次也能看到，因为珠峰大雪被困好多游客，我在经过纳木错一个海拔5000多垭口还是皑皑白雪。 相传“纳木错是帝释天的女儿，念青唐古拉的妻子“。它们的造像分别为：念青唐古拉--头戴盔甲，右手举着马鞭，左手拿着念珠，骑白马：纳木错--腾云驾雾地骑着飞龙，右手持龙头禅杖，左手拿着佛镜。念青唐古拉山字北方诸神灵中最具权威，它拥有广大无边的北方疆域和丰富的财宝。纳木错的美丽无法用语言来表达，这一生一定要带着自己心爱的女人来一次纳木错到达纳木错，我就扛起相机三脚架来到纳木错湖边，十月的纳木错已经很冷了游客不是很多，纳木错的美丽还是有一部分人在这里流连忘返如此美景你还能不带着心爱的人到此吗([]
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